Presenting an Innovative Circular Business Process Model in the Production and Publishing Industry

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Associate Prof., Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management and Business, College of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

2 Associate Prof., Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management and Business, Faculty of Management, Faculty of Business Management, College of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

3 Ph.D., Department of Industrial Management, Faculty of Industrial Management and Technology, College of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

10.22059/mmr.2024.385056.1132

Abstract

Objective
In an era where environmental awareness is paramount, industries around the world are striving to minimize their ecological footprint, and the book, newspaper, and magazine publishing industry in particular has been increasingly scrutinized for its environmental impacts, from paper use to distribution methods. In recent years, topics such as circular business models, circular economy, innovative business models, and business process models have become the focus of attention of experts and have attracted the attention of industry and academia. The relationship between management style and creativity of bosses and the amount of revenue The transition of business models in the industry to a circular economy in different sectors is still limited, and manufacturing companies in the production and publishing industry face a shortage of capabilities and skills in this field, which has become a challenging issue. To strengthen their competitive advantage, the paper and publishing manufacturing industries need to embrace and apply the concepts of the circular economy. The circular economy is a model of production and consumption that involves sharing, reusing, repairing, refurbishing, and recycling materials and products over a long period of time. By moving from a traditional linear model to a circular model, companies close the loop and create a more sustainable future through material reduction and repurposing. So far, the academic literature has not been able to adequately support manufacturing companies in the publishing industry. The main gap is the lack of systematic methods to provide guidance and advice to the industry during the design of business models for the circular economy; therefore, the present study aims to contribute to the existing research gap by providing an innovative iterative circular process model in practice. The aim of this study is to identify and examine existing process models for the possibility of integrating circular economy and sustainable business model innovation and to present an iterative circular and innovative process model taking into account a sustainability approach for use in the publishing industry.
 
Research Methodology
The present study is descriptive-analytic in terms of data collection. The meta-synthesis method was used to search for sources and articles. The meta-synthesis method is a structured model for qualitative text analysis and concept extraction and includes seven steps. The content analysis method was used to analyze the data, which consists of three steps. In the second step, after integrating the existing process models in the findings of the first step and identifying the steps, activities, and tools in each step, a process model was obtained using the findings of the first step and with the help of design methodology.
 
Findings
By structurally examining the business model process models presented in 46 publications, common elements were identified and integrated, and finally, a conceptual process model for the innovation of the circular business model was presented. It is worth noting that in order to select the steps of each process, the steps of the innovative circular business model were used.
 
Discussion & Conclusion
In the present study, the presented model is a new conceptual and iterative process model based on the integration of elements of the process model of previous research, which consists of nine stages, activities, and tools: 1. Preparation; 2. Initiation; 3. Life cycle analysis; 4. Competitor analysis; 5. Cyclical ideation; 6. Cyclical design; 7. Roadmap; 8. Cyclical model implementation; 9. Evaluation. These stages guide the innovation of the cyclical business model from the beginning to the final stage.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Adrodegari, F., Pashou, T. & Saccani, N. (2017). Business model innovation: process and tools for service transformation of industrial firms. Procedia Cirp, 64, 103-108.
Adrodegari, F., Saccani, N., Perona, M. & Agirregomezkorta, A. (2018). Business model innovation: a process model and toolset for servitizing industrial firms. Practices and tools for servitization: Managing service transition, 97-120.
Amit, R. & Zott, C. (2012). Creating value through business model innovation. MIT Sloan Management Review, 53 (3), 36-44.
Amit, R. & Zott, C. (2015). Business model design: A dynamic capability perspective. In D.J. Teece, S. Leih (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Dynamic Capabilities, Oxford University Press (2015). https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199678914.013.29.
Andreini, D., Bettinelli, C., Foss, N. J. & Mismetti, M. (2022). Business model innovation: a review of the process-based literature. Journal of Management and Governance, 26(4), 1089-1121.
Baden-Fuller, C. & Mangematin, V. (2013). Business models: A challenging agenda. Strategic Organization, 11(4), 418-427.
Begum, S., Nakaba, S., Yamagishi, Y., Yamane, K., Islam, M. A., Oribe, Y., ... & Funada, R. (2012). A rapid decrease in temperature induces latewood formation in artificially reactivated cambium of conifer stems. Annals of botany, 110(4), 875-885.
Blessing, L. T. & Chakrabarti, A. (2009). DRM: A design research methodology (pp. 13-42). Springer London.
Bocken, N. M., Schuit, C. S. & Kraaijenhagen, C. (2018). Experimenting with a circular business model: Lessons from eight cases. Environmental innovation and societal transitions, 28, 79-95.
Bonakdar, A. & Gassmann, O. (2016). Design thinking for revolutionizing your business models. Design thinking for innovation: Research and practice, 57-66.
Braun, V. & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative research in psychology, 3(2), 77-101.
Brown, P., Von Daniels, C., Bocken, N. M. & Balkenende, A. R. (2021). A process model for collaboration in circular oriented innovation. Journal of Cleaner Production, 286, 125499.
Cooper, R. G. (1990). Stage-gate systems: a new tool for managing new products. Business horizons, 33(3), 44-54.
Coskun-Setirek, A. & Tanrikulu, Z. (2021). Digital innovations-driven business model regeneration: A process model. Technology in Society, 64, 101461.
Donner, M. & de Vries, H. (2021). How to innovate business models for a circular bio‐economy? Business Strategy and the Environment, 30(4), 1932-1947.
EMF. (2013a). Case studies. Towards the circular economy opportunities for the consumer goods sector (Vol. 2). Retrieved 26-08-2013,
EMF. (2014). Towards the circular economy. Accelerating the scale-up across global supply chains (Vol. 3).
Enkel, E. & Mezger, F. (2013). Imitation processes and their application for business model innovation: An explorative study. International Journal of Innovation Management, 17(01), 1340005.
Eppler, M. J. & Hoffmann, F. (2012). Does method matter? An experiment on collaborative business model idea generation in teams. Innovation: Management, policy & practice, 14(3), 388-403.
Frankenberger, K., Weiblen, T., Csik, M. & Gassmann, O. (2013). The 4I-framework of business model innovation: A structured view on process phases and challenges. International Journal of Product Development, 18(3-4), 249-273.
Gassmann, O. & Frankenberger, K. (2014). The business model navigator ePub eBook: The business model navigator: 55 models that will revolutionise your business. Pearson UK.
Geissdoerfer, M., Bocken, N. M. & Hultink, E. J. (2016). Design thinking to enhance the sustainable business modelling process–A workshop based on a value mapping process. Journal of Cleaner Production, 135, 1218-1232.
Goyal, S., Esposito, M. & Kapoor, A. (2018). Circular economy business models in developing economies: Lessons from India on reduce, recycle and reuse paradigms. Thunderbird International Business Review, 60(5), 729–740.
Guldmann, E. & Huulgaard, R. D. (2019). Circular business model innovation for sustainable development. Innovation for Sustainability: Business Transformations towards a Better World, 77-95.
Hunke, F., Seebacher, S., Schuritz, R. & Illi, A. (2017). Towards a process model for data-driven business model innovation. In 2017 IEEE 19th Conference on Business Informatics (CBI).
Jodlbauer, H. (2016). Productions optimierun (3rd edition), Verlag Österreich.
Jodlbauer, H. (2020). Geschäftsmodelle erarbeiten. Modell zur digitalen Transformation etablierter Unternehmen, Wiesbaden.
Jodlbauer, H., Tripathi, S., Brunner, M. & Bachmann, N. (2022). Stability of cross impact matrices. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 182, 121822.
Johnson, M.W., Christensen, C.C. &  Kagermann, H. (2008). Reinventing your business model. Harvard Business Review, 86 (12), 50-59.
Karlsson, N. P., Hoveskog, M., Halila, F. & Mattsson, M. (2018). Early phases of the business model innovation process for sustainability: Addressing the status quo of a Swedish biogas-producing farm cooperative. Journal of Cleaner Production, 172, 2759-2772.
Kirchherr, J., Reike, D. & Hekkert, M. (2017). Conceptualizing the circular economy: An analysis of 114 definitions. Resources, Conservation & Recycling, 127, 221-232.
Korhonen, J., Honkasalo, A. & Seppala, J. (2018). Circular Economy: The Concept and its Limitations. Ecological Economics, 143, 37-46.
Lacy, P., Keeble, J., McNamara, R. J. T. M. A. C. K. P. A. T., Rutqvist, J., Haglund, T., Cui, M. & Buddemeier, P. (2014). Circular advantage: innovative business models and technologies to create value in a world without limits to growth. Accenture: Chicago, IL, USA, 24.
Lahti, T., Wincent, J. & Parida, V. (2018). A definition and theoretical review of the circular economy, value creation, and sustainable business models: where are we now and where should research move in the future? Sustainability, 10(8), 2799.
Latifi, M. A., Nikou, S. & Bouwman, H. (2021). Business model innovation and firm performance: Exploring causal mechanisms in SMEs. Technovation, 107, 102274.
Lieder, M. & Rashid, A. (2016). Towards circular economy implementation: a comprehensive review in context of manufacturing industry. Journal of cleaner production, 115, 36-51.
Marsh, A. T., Velenturf, A. P. & Bernal, S. A. (2022). Circular economy strategies for concrete: Implementation and integration. Journal of Cleaner Production, 362, 132486.
Marzouk, M. & Sabbah, M. (2021). AHP-TOPSIS social sustainability approach for selecting supplier in construction supply chain. Cleaner environmental systems, 2, 100034.
Murray, A., Skene, K. & Haynes, K. (2017). The circular economy: an interdisciplinary exploration of the concept and application in a global context. Journal of business ethics, 140, 369-380.
Ngan, S. L., How, B. S., Teng, S. Y., Promentilla, M. A. B., Yatim, P., Er, A. C. & Lam, H. L. (2019). Prioritization of sustainability indicators for promoting the circular economy: The case of developing countries. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 111, 314-331.
Pieroni, M. P., McAloone, T. C. & Pigosso, D. C. (2021). Developing a process model for circular economy business model innovation within manufacturing companies. Journal of Cleaner Production, 299, 126785.
Pollard, J., Osmani, M., Cole, C., Grubnic, S. & Colwill, J. (2021). A circular economy business model innovation process for the electrical and electronic equipment sector. Journal of Cleaner Production, 305, 127211.
Pons-Valladares, O., del Mar Casanovas-Rubio, M., Armengou, J. & de la Fuente, A. (2023). Approach for sustainability assessment for footbridge construction technologies: Application to the first world D-shape 3D-Printed fiber-reinforced mortar footbridge in Madrid. Journal of Cleaner Production, 394, 136369.
Pynnönen, M., Hallikas, J. & Ritala, P. (2012). Managing customer-driven business model innovation. International Journal of Innovation Management, 16(04), 1250022.
Remane, G., Hanelt, A., Tesch, J. F. & Kolbe, L. M. (2017). The business model pattern database—a tool for systematic business model innovation. International Journal of Innovation Management, 21(01), 1750004.
Ruggieri, R., Ruggeri, M., Vinci, G. & Poponi, S. (2021). Electric mobility in a smart city: European overview. Energies, 14(2), 315.
Rummel, F., Hüsig, S. & Steinhauser, S. (2022). Two archetypes of business model innovation processes for manufacturing firms in the context of digital transformation. R&D Management, 52(4), 685-703.
Sandelowski, M. & Barros, J. (2007). Handbook for Synthesizing Qualitative Research. Springer publishing company Inc.
Santa-Maria, T., Vermeulen, W. J. & Baumgartner, R. J. (2021). Framing and assessing the emergent field of business model innovation for the circular economy: A combined literature review and multiple case study approach. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 26, 872-891.
Santa‐Maria, T., Vermeulen, W. J. & Baumgartner, R. J. (2022). How do incumbent firms innovate their business models for the circular economy? Identifying micro‐foundations of dynamic capabilities. Business Strategy and the Environment, 31(4), 1308-1333.
Sjödin, D., Parida, V., Jovanovic, M. & Visnjic, I. (2020). Value creation and value capture alignment in business model innovation: A process view on outcome‐based business models. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 37(2), 158-183.
Smol, M., Kulczycka, J., Henclik, A., Gorazda, K. & Wzorek, Z. (2015). The possible use of sewage sludge ash (SSA) in the construction industry as a way towards a circular economy. Journal of Cleaner Production, 95, 45-54.
Sousa-Zomer, T. T., Magalhaes, L., Zancul, E. & Cauchick-Miguel, P. A. (2018). Exploring the challenges for circular business implementation in manufacturing companies: An empirical investigation of a pay-per-use service provider. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 135, 3–13.
Specht, D. & Behrens, S. (2008). Strategische Planung mit Roadmaps—Möglichkeiten für das Innovationsmanagement und die Personalbedarfsplanung. Technologie-Roadmapping: Zukunftsstrategien für Technologieunternehmen, 145-164.
Spieth, P., Laudien, S. M. & Meissner, S. (2021). Business model innovation in strategic alliances: a multi‐layer perspective. R&D Management, 51(1), 24-39
Stern, J.M., Stewart, G.B. & Chew, D.H. (1995). The Eva® financial management system. Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, 8(2), 32-46.
Sternad, D. & Mödritscher, G. (2022). Entrepreneurial leaps: Growth processes in transition phases between dynamic states. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 46(4), 952-984.
Teece, D. J. & Linden, G. (2017). Business models, value capture, and the digital enterprise. Journal of organization design, 6, 1-14.
Teece, D. J. (2010). Business models, business strategy and innovation. Long range planning, 43(2-3), 172-194.
Teece, D. J. (2018). Business models and dynamic capabilities. Long range planning, 51(1), 40-49.
Trapp, M., Voigt, K. I. & Brem, A. (2018). Business models for corporate innovation management: Introduction of a business model innovation tool for established firms. International Journal of Innovation Management, 22(01), 1850007.
United Nations (2022). Why population growth matters for sustainable development. Policy brief, no130. https://www.un.org/development/desa/pd/sites/www.un.org.
Warner, K. S. & Wäger, M. (2019). Building dynamic capabilities for digital transformation: An ongoing process of strategic renewal. Long range planning, 52(3), 326-349.
Wilmoth, M. J., Menozzi, M. C. & Bassarsky, M. L. (2022). Why population growth matters for sustainable development. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. https://www.un.org/development/desa/pd/sites/www.un.org
Wirtz, B. & Daiser, P. (2018). Business model innovation processes: A systematic literature review. Journal of Business Models, 6(1), 40-58.
Wirtz, B. (2011). Business model management: Design - instruments success factors. USA: Gabler Verlag.
Yang, D. H., You, Y. Y. & Kwon, H. J. (2014). A framework for business model innovation using market, component and innovation tool. International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, 9(21), 9235-9248.
Media Management Review
Volume 3, Issue 3
2024
Pages 443-475

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics